Essential BJJ Positions - Origin Fighter

This is a great resource for those who are looking to improve their Jiu-Jitsu moves. There are descriptions of each technique, so you can easily understand how to perform them. There are also step-by-step instructions so you can see exactly how they should be done. It includes basic positions.

With this resource, you will be able to take your Jiu-Jitsu skills to the next level!

List of Brazilian jiu-jitsu submissions:

Table of Contents show

1. Ankle Pick

The ankle pick is when you take one of your opponent’s planted feet and pull them out from under them. This causes them to lose balance and typically fall to their back. You can then go into a top Position.

Gi vs No-Gi

Similar

AKA

Achilles Lock

Achilles Tendon Lock
Kibisu gaeshi

Position

Standing

Counter

The ankle pick can also be used as a counterattack against takedown attempts by the opponent.

Classification

Position

Styles

Wrestling

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo
Sambo

2. Arm Drag

The arm drag is a technique used in wrestling and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. It is executed by grabbing the opponent’s arm and leveraging it away from their body

thereby taking them off balance. This can be used to take the opponent down to the ground or to clear space in order to execute a takedown.

Note

The Arm Drag Takedown is one of the most basic takedowns that you can learn.

History

The Arm Drag Takedown was first developed in wrestling.

Gi vs No-Gi

Similar

Technique Breakdown

Get close to your opponent and grab their arm with your dominant hand.

Drag your opponent towards you while maintaining a grip on their arm.
Take your opponent down to the ground while keeping your grip on their arm.
Move your hips towards your opponent in order to secure the takedown.

Maintain control of your opponent’s arm and transition into a dominant position.
Finish your opponent with a submission hold or strike.

AKA

Arm Drag Takedown

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes that people make with the Arm Drag Takedown is not grabbing their opponent’s arm tightly enough.

Setups

One way to set up for this takedown is to use a fake shot. Another way to set up for this takedown is to use a clinch.

Counter

One way to counter this takedown is to use an armbar. Another way to counter this takedown is to use a leg lock.

Defense

One way to defend against this takedown is to keep your balance and stay on your feet. Another way to defend against this takedown is to use a counter takedown.

Finish

One finish for this takedown is to transition into a dominant Position and submit your opponent with a chokehold or joint lock. Another finish for this takedown is to strike your opponent with a powerful punch or kick.

Classification

Position

Styles

Wrestling
Judo

Brazilian Jiu-jitsu

3. Body Lock

The body lock is a wrestling and judo hold in which the wrestler or judoka wraps their arms around the opponent’s upper body and squeezes. The hold is used to control the opponent and can be used to inflict pain or to execute a throw.

One of the most common uses of the grapevine is in the “figure-four” submission in which the attacker wraps their legs around the opponent’s waist and crosses their ankles then squeezes with their arms. This submission is often used to defeat opponents who are much larger than the attacker.”

Note

The Body Lock was originally developed in Judo.

History

The Body Lock was first developed in Judo by Jigoro Kano. The technique was later adapted into Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu by Carlos Gracie.

Gi vs No-Gi

In Gi, the opponent’s sleeves can be used to control the opponent’s arms. In NoGi the opponent’s clothing can be used to control the opponent’s arms.

Technique Breakdown

To perform the Body Lock the attacker wraps their arms around the opponent’s torso while the opponent wraps their arms around the attacker’s waist. The attacker then applies pressure to the opponent’s back which can lead to various grappling techniques.

AKA

Bear Hug

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One common mistake when performing the Body Lock is not getting close enough to the opponent. This can allow the opponent to escape.

Setups

One way is to perform a takedown and then wrap your arms around the opponent’s waist.

Counter

One way is to escape the Position by twisting out of the attacker’s grip and then attacking with a strike or submission. Another way is to use an armbar or triangle choke to submit the attacker.

Defense

One way is to keep your elbows close to your body and use them to block the attacker’s arms. Another way is to use your hands to grab the attacker’s wrists and pull them away from your body.

Finish

One finish is to sweep the opponent onto their back and then apply a submission hold. Another finish is to joint lock the opponent’s arm and then submit them.

Classification

Position

Styles

Judo

Wrestling
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

4. Clinch

The clinch is a basic move used in almost all forms of grappling and even some striking-based martial arts. It can be used for several different reasons like breaking the opponent’s posture to set up takedowns and submissions or simply to tire your opponent. In the clinch, you have one or both of your arms clasped around the back of your opponent’s neck. You use this grip to pull the opponent down to break their balance/ posture.

Note

The clinch can also be used to tire your opponent. People use it in competitions to drain their opponent’s energy as they have to address the clinch multiple times. Alternatively, the same necktie grip can be used from the guard to break your opponent’s posture and pull them into submissions.”

History

Wrestling is said to be around for as long as mankind and the clinch and collar ties have been part of wrestling for several centuries. Its principles were adopted by Judokas in the gi and it eventually made its way to Brazilian Jiu-jitsu and modern grappling as we know it.

Gi vs No-Gi

The clinch is similar in gi and no-gi. The grips might differ slightly between the two.

Technique Breakdown

From a standing Position grasp the back of your opponent’s neck with your right arm firmly.

You can use your left arm to control your opponent’s right tricep or use it behind the neck as well. (double collar tie)
Off-balance your opponent by pulling them towards you and putting pressure downwards.
Use this opening to go for a takedown or a submission.

AKA

Necktie
Collar tie (Wrestling)
Dirty Boxing

Position

Standing
Ground

Common Mistakes

Controlling too low or high on the opponent’s neck

Not having an inside position with your elbows while clinching
Having the arm(s) that are controlling the neck straight. This can lead to weaker control and you could be more susceptible to arm drags.

Technique Variations

Muay Thai clinch

Single collar tie
Double collar tie

Setups

From standing Position try to arm drag your opponent. As they try to avoid getting their back taken and turn towards you clinch your opponent and set up your submission or takedown.

Counter

To counter the clinch you can weave your head under the opponent’s arm that’s controlling your neck. Then go for an arm drag to off-balance them before taking their back or going for a takedown.

Defense

Early-stage: Try to grip fight your opponent. If you can address the grips before they go for a takedown you should be able to disengage.
Late-stage: Usually when your opponent clinches you, you’re close enough to clinch them as well. Always try to pummel and fight for inside Position with your arms. If your opponent has a stronger clinch then you try and time their takedown to counter with a heavy sprawl.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Finish

Takedown: From the clinch, you can change levels to go for your wrestling shot and take your opponent down.
Submission: You can set up several submissions from the clinch for example
You can snap them to the mat with a snap-down and go for a guillotine or some other front headlock submission.

Classification

Grappling

Styles

Muay Thai
Boxing

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

5. Collar Drag

The collar drag is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that can be used to take down an opponent. It involves grabbing the opponent’s collar with one hand and dragging them across the ground. The technique can be used to take down an opponent who is standing or sitting.

Note

The collar drag is one of the most basic takedowns in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.

History

The collar drag was first used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu by Rickson Gracie.

Technique Breakdown

Grab opponent’s collar with the left hand
Use right hand to pull the opponent towards you
Step forward and trip opponent

taking them down to the ground
Finish with a chokehold or joint lock.

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Fighters often forget to step forward and trip the opponent causing them to miss the takedown.

Setups

The collar drag can be set up by using a jab or cross to get the opponent close before tripping them.

Counter

The best way to counter the collar drag is to stay on your feet and use strikes to keep the fighter away.

Defense

The best way to defend against the collar drag is to keep your balance and stay on your feet.

Finish

They can finish with a chokehold, joint lock, sweep, or Positional grappling technique.

Classification

Takedown

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo
Sambo

Wrestling

6. Collar and Elbow

The Collar-and-elbow Position is a Position in which both fighters are standing and are gripping each other’s collars with their hands. This Position allows the fighters to battle for control of their opponent’s head and neck as well as to deliver knees and elbows to the body.

Note

The Collar and Elbow was one of the original Positions used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.

History

The Collar and Elbow was first used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu by the Gracie family.

Gi vs No-Gi

In Gi, the Collar and Elbow can be used to set up a number of different submissions such as the Kimura Americana and Triangle Choke. In NoGi the Collar and Elbow can be used to set up a number of different takedowns and throws.”

Technique Breakdown

“The most basic way to use this Position is to keep your hips square to your opponent and use your collar and elbow to control their arm. You can then use this Position to set up a number of different submissions takedowns and throws.”

AKA

Collar and Arm
Collar and Lapel

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes when using the Collar and Elbow is not keeping your hips square to your opponent. This will allow your opponent to easily escape from the Position.

Setups

The best way to set up for the Collar and Elbow is to get in close to your opponent and use your collar and elbow to control their arm. You can then use this Position to set up a number of different submissions takedowns and throws.”

Counter

The best way to counter the Collar and Elbow is to use your hips to escape from the Position. You can also use your free arm to punch your opponent in the face.

DefenseThe best way to defend against the Collar and Elbow is to keep your hips square to your opponent and use your free arm to punch them in the face.

Finish

The best finishes for the Collar and Elbow are submissions such as the Kimura, Americana and Triangle Choke. You can also use this Position to set up takedowns and throws.

Classification

Control

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo
Sambo

Wrestling

7. Double Collar Tie

The Double collar tie is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to control an opponent. The technique involves wrapping your arms around your opponent’s neck and securing a grip on their collarbones. This allows you to control your opponent’s movement and restrict their breathing. The Double collar tie can be used to attack your opponent’s neck or to control them on the ground.

History

The double collar tie is a technique that has been used in martial arts for centuries.

Technique Breakdown

To execute the double collar tie the attacker wraps both of his/her arms around the opponent’s neck one hand on each side of the opponent’s throat. The attacker then applies pressure to the opponent’s neck with his/her arms choking the opponent.

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes when executing the double collar tie is not getting a good grip on the opponent’s neck.

Setups

The double collar tie can be set up from a number of different Positions such as from the clinch from a takedown or from a sweep.”

Counter

There are a number of different ways to counter the double collar tie such as by escaping the clinch by reversing the takedown or by sweeping the opponent.

Classification

Clinch

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

8. Double Leg

When you execute a double leg takedown in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu you are attacking your opponent‚Äôs legs simultaneously to bring him or her to the ground. This is a very powerful move that can be used to take your opponent down in a hurry.”

History

The Double Leg has been used in wrestling for many years and is now commonly used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.

Technique Breakdown

To perform the Double Leg you will need to get low and close to your opponent. You will then extend your legs and wrap them around your opponent’s waist. You will then pull your opponent towards you and drive them to the ground.

AKA

Double Leg
Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One common mistake when performing the Double Leg is not getting low enough.

Setups

The best way to set up for the Double Leg is by closing the distance between you and your opponent. You can do this by using strikes or by getting in close on the ground.

Counter

One way to defend against the Double Leg is by using your arms to block your opponent’s takedown attempt. You can also use footwork to evade your opponent’s takedown attempt.

Classification

Takedown
Sweep

Styles

Wrestling
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

9. Underhook

The underhook is a clinch hold that is used in grappling to control the opponent. This technique is used to control the opponent’s head and neck and to prevent them from escaping the clinch.

Note

The underhook is one of the most basic clinch holds and is a key component of many wrestling and grappling techniques.

Technique Breakdown

To perform this technique you need to get close to your opponent and reach around their back with your arm. You then need to put your hand on the back of their head and squeeze their neck. You can then use this Position to control the opponent’s head and neck and to prevent them from escaping the clinch.

Position

Standing
Ground

Common Mistakes

Some people try to use this technique to lift the opponent up which can lead to them losing control of the Position. Others will try to use the underhook to push the opponent away which can also lead to them losing control of the Position.”

Technique Variations

Single Underhook
Double Underhooks

Counter

One way is to use an escape technique such as the headbutt or shoulder throw. Another way is to use a takedown technique such as the hip toss or leg trip. You can also use a striking technique such as a knee or elbow strike.

Finish

One finish is to take the opponent down to the ground and apply a submission hold. Another finish is to lift the opponent up and slam them down to the ground. You can also use this Position to set up a knockout punch.

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

10. Drop Seio Nage

The Drop Seio Nage is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to take an opponent down to the ground. It is a throwing technique that is used to dislocate the shoulder of the opponent. The technique is performed by grabbing the opponent’s arm and then dropping down to the ground while pulling the opponent down with you. This will cause the opponent to fall to the ground and dislocate their shoulder.

Note

The Drop Seio Nage is one of the original 40 throws of Judo.

History

The Drop Seio Nage was first documented in a book called “Judo Kyohan” in 1882.

Gi vs No-Gi

In Gi, you can use the lapel as a hold.

Technique Breakdown

The Drop Seio Nage is performed by getting close to your opponent and then lifting them up and over your shoulder. You can do this by grabbing their lapel and then pushing them up and over your shoulder. You can also perform a hip toss variation of this technique.

AKA

Drop Throw

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One common mistake when performing the Drop Seio Nage is not getting good elevation on the throw.

Counter

One way to counter the Drop Seio Nage is to step back and then push off the ground to throw your opponent over your head. You can also perform a hip toss variation of this technique.

Classification

Takedown
Throw

Styles

Judo

Tags

Takedown

11. Duck Under

The Duck Under is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to get past an opponent’s guard. It is performed by stepping between the opponent’s legs and then ducking underneath their hips. This allows the practitioner to get closer to the opponent and apply a submission hold or sweep. The Duck Under is a very effective technique for beginners as it is relatively easy to learn and execute.

Note

The Duck Under was popularized by Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu legend Rickson Gracie.

History

The Duck Under was first developed in Judo.

Gi vs No-Gi

In Gi, you can use the lapel to control the opponent’s head and neck. In No-Gi you can use a grip on the pants or shorts.

Technique Breakdown

To perform the Duck Under you will need to start in a standing position. Step towards your opponent and bend at the waist keeping your back straight. Reach between your opponent’s legs and grab their ankle or foot. Pull yourself underneath them and into a dominant position.

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes when performing the Duck Under is not getting low enough. This will allow the opponent to defend easily.

Setups

One way is to use a takedown to bring your opponent to the ground. You can also use a clinch to get close to your opponent before executing the Duck Under.

Counter

One way is to keep your guard up and block the attacker’s path. You can also try to push the attacker away with your arms or legs. If you are able to get back to your feet you can try to escape from the hold.”

Classification

Positioning Technique

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo
Wrestling

Tags

Transition

12. Foot Sweep

A foot sweep is a basic Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to take down an opponent. It involves sweeping your opponent’s feet out from under them with a quick motion causing them to fall to the ground. Foot sweeps can be used to take an opponent down from standing position or to set them up for a subsequent submission hold. There are many different variations of the foot sweep and it is a move that every Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner should master.

History

The foot sweep is one of the oldest techniques in martial arts and can be traced back to ancient Greece and India.

Technique Breakdown

To perform the foot sweep you will need to get close to your opponent and then step in with your lead leg and sweep their legs out from under them. You can then follow up with a takedown or submission.

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes when performing the foot sweep is telegraphing the move. This can give your opponent time to defend or counterattack.

Setups

The best way to set up for the foot sweep is to close the distance on your opponent and then step in with your lead leg to sweep their legs out from under them.

Defense

The best way to defend against the foot sweep is to keep your balance and stay on your feet. You can also use your arms to defend against the sweep.

Finish

If you are in top Position you can finish with a submission or a takedown. If you are in bottom Position you can finish with a submission or a reversal.

Classification

Sweep
Takedown

Styles

Karate
Tang Soo Do
Muay Thai
Jujutsu
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo
Sambo
Wrestling

Tags

Takedown

13. Guard Pulling

Guard pulling is a basic technique in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu that is used to take the opponent down to the ground. It is usually performed by pulling the opponent’s legs towards you while they are in the guard Position. This will cause them to lose balance and fall to the ground. Once the opponent is on the ground you can then proceed to attack them with various submission holds.

Position

Standing
Ground

Styles

Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

14. Harai Goshi

This is a sweeping hip throw that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is considered a basic technique and can be used to take an opponent down. The move is performed by grabbing the opponent around the waist and then using your hips to sweep them over your leg.

Technique Breakdown

To set up for this technique the attacker stands in front of the opponent and gets close to them. They then reach out and grab the opponent’s waist with their left hand. They then use their right hand to lift the opponent’s left leg up and over their hip. The attacker then pushes off their left foot and uses their hip to sweep the opponent’s leg out from under them. This causes the opponent to fall backward and land on their back.

AKA

Sweeping Hip Throw
Hip throw

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

The most common mistake when attempting this technique is not sweeping the opponent’s leg out from under them forcefully enough. This will result in the opponent being able to keep their balance and not fall over.

Defense

To defend against this technique the defender can step back and out of the way when the attacker attempts to sweep their leg out from under them. They can also use their hands to push the attacker’s hips away which will prevent them from being able to sweep the opponent’s leg.

Finish

The most common is to have the attacker fall onto their back which will allow the defender to apply a submission hold or strike. Another finish that can be used is for the attacker to fall into a seated Position which will allow the defender to apply a chokehold.

Classification

Takedown

Styles

Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

15. High Crotch Single Leg Takedown

The High Crotch Single Leg takedown is a very effective technique that can be used to take your opponent down. This move starts with you attacking your opponent’s legs with a single leg takedown. You then drive your hips forward and lift your opponent up into the air. You will want to make sure that you rotate your body so that your opponent is facing the ground. Finally, you will drive your opponent into the ground and secure the takedown.

History

The High Crotch Single Leg Takedown was first developed in wrestling. This technique is now commonly used in wrestling and MMA.

AKA

Single Leg High Crotch Takedown

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes that people make when performing the High Crotch Single Leg Takedown is not attacking the opponent’s legs with enough force.

Technique Variations

Single Leg Takedown
Double Leg Takedown
Tripod Takedown

Classification

Takedown

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

16. Kata Guruma

Kata Guruma is one of the more complicated Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu techniques. It is a shoulder throw that can be used to take an opponent down. The technique is performed by grabbing your opponent around the waist and then throwing them over your shoulder. You can use this technique to take your opponent down to the ground or into the air.

AKA

Firemans Carry
Tecnica de queda

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

17. Knee Tap

A knee tap is a technique used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is performed by grabbing an opponent’s pant leg with one hand and then grabbing the back of the opponent’s head with the other hand. The knee tap is used to get the opponent to submit by tapping out.

History

The Knee Tap Takedown was first developed in wrestling and has since been used in other martial arts disciplines such as Judo and Jiu-Jitsu.

Technique Breakdown

The Knee Tap Takedown is performed by driving your opponent’s knee towards the ground with your shoulder. Once their knee is driven towards the ground take them down to the ground by sweeping their leg out from under them.

AKA

Knee Tap

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One of the most common mistakes that people make when performing the Knee Tap Takedown is not driving their opponent’s knee towards the ground.

Setups

The best way to set up for the Knee Tap Takedown is to get in close to your opponent and then drive their knee towards the ground with your shoulder.”

Defense

One of the best ways to defend against the Knee Tap Takedown is to block it with your arm. You can also try to step out of the way to avoid being taken down.

Finish

you can take them down to the ground. If you are at a distance you can try to sweep their leg out from under them to take them down.

Classification

Takedown
Sweep

Styles

Wrestling
Judo
Jiu-Jitsu

18. Kouchi Gari

Kouchi gari is a footsweep that is used in Judo. It is a basic technique that is taught to beginners.

History

Kouchi gari was developed by Jigoro Kano the founder of Judo.

AKA

Minor Inner Reaping
Foot Sweep

Position

Standing

Classification

Sweep
Throw

Styles

Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

19. Lapel Drag

The Lapel Drag is a technique used to take the opponent down to the ground. The fighter will grab onto the opponent’s lapel with their left hand and then use their right hand to pull the opponent towards them. They will then step forward and trip the opponent with their right leg landing them on their back.

Note

The Lapel Drag is a technique that was developed from the Judo technique the Tomoe Nage.

History

The Lapel Drag was first seen in competition in the early 1990s.

Technique Breakdown

The fighter grabs onto the opponent’s lapel with their left hand.
They use their right hand to pull the opponent towards them.
They step forward and trip the opponent with their right leg.
The opponent falls down on their back.
The fighter can then finish the fight with a submission or by striking the opponent.

AKA

Lapel Sleeve Drag
Lapel Pull

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Fighters often forget to step forward with their right leg

which causes them to lose balance and fall down.

Setups

The fighter can set up for the Lapel Drag by grabbing onto the opponent’s lapel with their left hand as they close in on them. They can then use their right hand to pull the opponent towards them and trip them with their right leg.

Counter

The easiest way to counter the Lapel Drag is to step back and away from the fighter as they attempt to trip you. You can also try to block the leg that the fighter is using to trip you.

Finish

If you are inside control you can finish with a submission. If you are in guard you can finish with a sweep or a submission. If you are in mount you can finish with a strike or a submission.

Classification

Takedown
Throw

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Transition

20. Lateral Drop

A lateral drop is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to take down an opponent. This technique is performed by lunging forward and grabbing the opponent around the waist before dropping down to the ground and pulling them down with you. This technique can be used to take down an opponent of any size and can be performed either standing or on the ground.”

AKA

Lateral Drop Throw

Position

Standing

Classification

Takedown

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo
Wrestling

Tags

Takedown

21. Low Single Takedown

A low single is a technique that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu to take down an opponent. The low single involves grabbing your opponent’s ankle and pulling them towards you. This technique can be used to take down an opponent who is standing or sitting.

History

The Low Single Takedown was first developed in wrestling and has been used by fighters in mixed martial arts competitions for many years.

Gi vs No-Gi

Gi and NoGi versions of this technique are very similar.

AKA

Low Single

Position

Standing

Classification

Sweep
Takedown

Styles

Wrestling
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo

22. O Goshi

The O Goshi is one of the most common throws in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is a hip throw that uses your opponent’s momentum against them allowing you to throw them over your hip. The O Goshi is a great way to take your opponent down and can be used in both stand-up and ground Positions.

Note

This is a very common throw in Judo and is one of the most effective throws for throwing someone who is larger than you.

History

This technique was developed in the early 1900s by Jigoro Kano the founder of Judo.

Technique Breakdown

To execute this technique you will need to get close to your opponent and then reach around their waist with your arm. You will then lift them up and throw them over your hip. It is important to turn your body so that your opponent can be thrown over your hip.

AKA

Major Hip Throw
Hip Throw

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

There are a few common mistakes that people make when executing this technique. One mistake is not getting close enough to the opponent before throwing them. Another mistake is not turning their body enough so that the opponent can be thrown over the hip.

Setups

One way is to get your opponent in a clinch and then execute the throw. Another way is to get your opponent off balance and then execute the throw.

Finish

If you threw them over your hip they will likely land on their back. If you threw them in front of you they will likely land on their front.

Classification

Takedown

Styles

Judo

Tags

Takedown

23. Osotogari

The osotogari is a common takedown in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. It is also known as the outside leg reap. This technique is used to take an opponent down by sweeping their leg out from under them. It can be used as a means of taking an opponent to the ground or as a means of destabilizing them so they can be easily taken down.

AKA

Major Outer Reap

Position

Standing

Classification

Takedown

Styles

Judo
Sambo

24. Ouchi gari

Ouchi gari is a judo technique that is used to throw an opponent by sweeping their leg out from under them.

History

The Ouchi gari was first developed in the early 1900s by Jigoro Kano the founder of Judo.

Gi vs No-Gi

There is no difference between Gi and NoGi versions of this technique.

Technique Breakdown

The attacker steps in with their left foot and sweeps the opponents right foot out from under them. The attacker then uses their momentum to throw the opponent to the ground. The attacker can also use their left hand to push the opponents head down as they throw them to the ground for extra leverage.

AKA

Major Inner Reap

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

One common mistake that people make when performing the Ouchi gari is not getting enough distance between themselves and their opponent. Another mistake is not using their momentum to throw the opponent to the ground.

Setups

The best way to set up for the Ouchi gari is by getting close to your opponent and then stepping in with your left foot to sweep their right foot out from under them

Counter

One way to counter this technique is by stepping in with your right foot as the attacker sweeps your left foot out from under you. This will help you stay balanced and will allow you to counterattack. Another way to counter this technique is by grabbing onto the attacker’s arm and using it to pull yourself back up.

Classification

Sweep
Takedown

Styles

“Judo
Sambo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu”

Tags

Takedown
Throw

25. Pinch Grip Tie

This is a grappling technique that is used to control the opponent. The attacker uses their fingers to pinch the flesh on the opponent’s neck and then they use their other hand to push the opponent’s head down. This can help to control the opponent and make it easier to submit them.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

26. Eri Seoi Nage

The Queda de Mao / Eri Seoi Nague is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to take an opponent down to the ground. It is a very effective technique when used correctly and can be very difficult for an opponent to defend against.

It is a variation of the standard Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu takedown known as the Morote Seoi Nague. It is essentially identical to the Morote Seoi Nague except that the attacking arm is brought across the opponent’s body in a downward motion instead of across the opponent’s chest. This makes the takedown more effective against larger opponents as it enables the attacker to bring them down to the ground more easily.

AKA

Eri Seoi Nague
Shoulder Throw

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

27. Rear Body Lock

A rear body lock is a grappling Position where you have control of your opponent from behind. This can be done by getting behind them and placing your arms around their waist or by getting on their back and locking your hands together. This Position can be used to control your opponent and set up submissions or pins.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

28. Seoi Nage

The Seoi Nage starts with establishing your grip on your opponent’s gi (called Kumi Kata in Judo). Then you turn to face your back against your opponent. Use this leverage to lift your opponent off his heels (Kuzushi) and throw them over your shoulder.

Note

In Jiu-Jitsu the intense style of Judo throws typically goes against the ‚Äòcontrol‚Äô that Jiu-Jitsu fights to gain. When a fighter throws too hard it has the potential to lose balance and harm the opponent more than desired. Jiu-Jitsu also aims to get into a mount Position so you can subdue the opponent with maximum control and minimal damage.

History

Seoi Nage is one of the original 40 throws in Judo. This has been adapted to be used in Jiu-Jitsu.

Gi vs No-Gi

Different. For gi grappling you will utilize the lapel and gi sleeve and with no-gi you will use the arm as leverage.

Technique Breakdown

Grab your opponent’s right sleeve with your left hand.
Grab your opponent’s lapel with your right hand.
Raise the opponent’s left arm high.
Step your right foot towards their right foot.
Turn to face your back towards your opponent.
With your back straight and knees slightly bent bring your opponent to their toes to disbalance them.
Shoot your hips backward as you rotate towards your left side to throw your opponent over your shoulder.

AKA

Shoulder Throw

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Inadequate knee bending

Technique Variations

Ippon Seoi Nage
Drop Seoi Nage
Reverse Seoi Nage
Eri Seoi
Obi Seoi
Hiza Seoi
Suso Seoi

Setups

With grips established push your opponent to get a counter-reaction and go for the Seoi Nage.
Feint a Makikomi attack before going for the Seoi Nage.
Feint with an Ouchi-Gari attack. As the opponent resists by pushing forward switch to the Seoi Nage.
Feint the Osoto-gari attack. As the opponent resists switch to the Seoi Nage.

Counter

Submission counter: Use your left arm to push against the opponent’s back as he goes for the throw. Grab his pants on the left side as you roll over your left shoulder. You should now be in a bow and arrow choke Position.

Defense

Early-stage defense: Break the grips on the lapel or the sleeve before the throw is performed.
Late-stage defense: Move towards the right side as your opponent goes for the throw.

Tutorial Examples

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Finish

Standard: Opponent is thrown over your shoulder and lands perpendicular to you.
Jiu-Jitsu: When the opponent hits the ground you have the option to get the knee on belly Position or settle into side mount. If you maintain the sleeve grip you can also attack a straight armlock (Juji-Gatame).

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

29. Single Leg

A single leg takedown is a move in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and other grappling sports whereby the attacker lifts one of the opponent’s legs off the ground and throws them to the ground typically resulting in a pin. The move can also be used to knock the opponent down with force.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

30. Sumi Gaeshi

The Sumi Gaeshi is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to defend against an opponent’s attack. It involves inverting your body and using your opponent’s momentum against them. This technique can be used to defend against a variety of attacks, including punches, kicks and takedowns.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

31. Suplex

The Suplex is one of the most popular and effective Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu techniques. It is a throwing technique that allows you to take your opponent to the ground. The Suplex is a very powerful move and it can be used to take down an opponent who is much larger and stronger than you.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

32. Tai Otoshi

The Tai Otoshi is a Judo throw that is used to off balance an opponent and then throw them to the ground. It is one of the most common throws in Judo and is also used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The Tai Otoshi is a powerful throw and can be used to take down an opponent who is larger and stronger than you.

AKA

Body Drop

Position

Standing

Styles

Judo

Tags

Takedown

33. Tomoe Nage

The Tomoe Nage is a Judo technique that is used to throw an opponent over your shoulder. It is considered a very effective throw and is often used in competition. The Tomoe Nage can be executed from a number of different Positions including from the standing Position and from a kneeling Position.

AKA

Circle Throw

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

34. Uchi Mata

The Uchi Mata is a Judo throw that uses the attacker’s own momentum against them to unbalance and takedown the opponent. It is categorized as a frontal throw and is one of the most common techniques in Judo.

AKA

Inner Thigh Throw

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

35. Yoko Sumi Gaeshi

The Yoko Sumi Gaeshi is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to defend against an opponent’s attack. It is a sweeping motion that uses the attacker’s momentum against them and allows the defender to take control of the situation.

AKA

Corner Reversal

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

36. Americana

The Americana is a basic joint lock in Jiu-Jitsu. It is an easy-to-learn technique and hence is one of the first joint locks a beginner will learn at most gyms. It is usually performed from mount or side mount.

One of the opponent’s arms must be isolated and bent at a 45-degree angle towards their head. You must control the opponent’s arm at their wrist with a keylock and bend their arm upwards while their wrist is still on the floor. Flaring the elbow up will put pressure on the shoulder and elbow to get the tap.

Note

There is a keylock variation called the Kimura. This is similar to the American but is applied when the opponent’s arm is bent towards their hip.

History

The origination of the Americana is not certain. It is believed that it originated from catch wrestling and Judo in the mid-1900s.

Gi vs No-Gi

The Americana is very similar in both gi as well as nogi.

Technique Breakdown

Once you are in a dominant Position (Side mount or mount) Isolate one of the opponent’s arms with his hand facing away from his hips
The opponent’s arm needs to be bent for the Americana to work
Control the opponent’s right wrist with your right arm
Slide your left arm under the opponent’s isolated arm
Hold your wrist to lock in a figure four grip
Flare the opponent’s elbow up with his writ on the floor to get the tap

AKA

Keylock
Figure-four lock
Ude-Garami (Judo)

Position

Ground

Common Mistakes

Not controlling the opponents arm properly
Trying to finish without making sure the opponents wrist is still on the ground

Technique Variations

Americana from mount
Americana from side mount
Leg Lace Americana

Setups

From mount start attacking the opponent’s neck with a choke. This should result in the opponent using their arm to defend. Use this opportunity to isolate the arm and go for an Americana
From side-mount start attacking the opponent’s neck with a choke or threaten to pass to North-South or mount. This should result in the opponent using their arm to defend. Use this opportunity to isolate the arm and go for an Americana.

Counter

If your opponent tries to keylock you from inside your guard you can counter them with an armbar of your own.

Defense

Early-stage: When your opponent is attacking the Americana try to avoid or break their figure four grip
Late-stage: If your opponent has the grip locked in turn towards the joint lock and raise your hips to alleviate pressure as you try to negate the keylock.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Finish

Keylock: Flare the elbow up with the wrist firmly on the ground to get the tap.

Classification

Position

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Submission Wrestling
Sambo

37. Kimura

The Kimura is considered by many grappling athletes to be one of the most devastating joint locks in the sport. It is similar to the Americana joint lock but with the opponent’s arm bent towards their hip. A figure lock is used on the opponent’s arm in order to start applying pressure on the shoulder to get the tap. In certain situations if the opponent does not have mobile elbow joints you could get the tap from pressure at the elbow as well.

Note

The Kimura is a versatile technique that can be applied from various Positions like Mount, closed guard, north South and Side control. It can also be used to defend takedowns and in certain cases sweep your opponent.

History

The Kimura is an iconic move in Jiu-Jitsu History. While it has its origins in catch wrestling as the double wrist lock it was adopted by Judo practitioners who would call it the Gyaku Ude Garami. Even though the move was centuries old it was named after an exceptionally talented Judoka – Masahiko Kimura

Masahiko Kimura: The Kimura was named after Masahiko Kimura the night he defeated the legend and founder of modern jiu-jitsu- Helio Gracie. While the Gracies would challenge martial arts practitioners from around the world for their Gracie challenges Helio ended up fighting and beating a skilled Judoka in Yukio Kato. This is when Masahiko and Helio were paired to fight although Masahiko was said to be almost 16 kg heavier than Helio at the time.

Masahiko would go on to break helios arm with the Gyaku Ude Garami joint lock. Even with his arm broken Helio refused to give up and kept fighting till the referee finally stopped the fight and Masahiko won by TKO. This is how the Kimura got its name. In the coming years other talented grapplers like Kazushi Sakuraba would adopt the Kimura to great effect. Kazushi went on to beat 4 Gracies in competition- Royler, Renzo, Royce and Ryan. This earned him the name ‚ÄúGracie Hunter/ Gracie Killer.

Technique Breakdown

From closed guard you want to control your opponent’s right wrist with your left hand.
Next go over your opponent’s right shoulder with your right arm. Make sure youre not low towards the elbow as when you do this the kimura wont work.
Once you fish over the opponent’s right arm grab your left wrist with your right arm to lock in the figure four grip
Bring your opponent’s arm close to your body. It is important that your opponent’s wrist is close to their body and their arm is bent for the kimura to work.
Flare your opponent’s wrist towards their head to put pressure on the shoulder joint to get the tap.

AKA

Gyaku Ude Garami (Judo)
Key Lock
Chicken Wing (Freestyle wrestling)
Double Wrist Lock (Catch Wrestling)

Position

Ground

Common Mistakes

Not controlling the opponent’s wrist properly before going for the submission
Trying to finish with the joint lock with the opponent’s arm straight
Not using enough pushing force for the kimura to work

Setups

From closed guard start attacking the opponents neck with a guillotine choke. As they defend the choke go for the Kimura.
From side-mount start passing towards north-south. As your opponent uses their frames isolate their arm and go for the kimura.

Counter

If your opponent tries to armbar you from inside their guard you can use your free hand to block their leg. When timed and performed correctly this can lead to an easy pass.

Defense

Early-stage: As your opponent is trying to lock in the figure four lock try to straighten your arm to avoid the kimura.

Late-stage: If your opponent has the Kimura locked in on your right arm from closed guard first try to straighten arm your arm to release some pressure. You need to fish around your opponent’s back with your free arm and try to break his grip on your arm to escape.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

38. Guillotine Choke

The guillotine choke is performed by wrapping your arm around your opponent’s neck in order to strangle them. The arm not around the neck is used to assist the primary arm to tighten the choke.

Note

The guillotine choke is very versatile. In Jiu-Jitsu it can be applied from several different Positions including standing, closed guard, mount, bottom half guard and top half guard. It can also be used to control your opponent’s upper body to sweep them. There are many variations of the guillotine. The arm and elbow Position to get the finish depends on your grip configuration.

History

The guillotine choke has its origins in wrestling and judo. The front headlock Position has been a staple movement in wrestling for several centuries. In judo this Position was used to strangle the opponent. The choke is called Mae HadAKA Jime in Judo. (Front naked choke)

Gi vs No-Gi

The guillotine choke is very similar in both gi as well as Nogi.

Technique Breakdown

Snap your opponent’s head down from a collar tie to expose the neck.
Wrap your right arm around the neck.
Make sure you dont leave any space around the opponent’s neck for him to breathe.
Grab your primary arm (choking arm) with your secondary arm.
Secure your Position
Close guard settle into mount etc
Squeeze the neck to get the tap.

AKA

Mae Hadaka Jime (Judo)

Position

Standing
Ground

Common Mistakes

Trying to finish the choke without controlling the opponent’s torso. (Closing guard, securing mount and so on.)

Technique Variations

High elbow guillotine
Guillotine choke
10 Finger guillotine
Arm in guillotine
Marcelotine

Setups

From a standing Position snap your opponent down with a collar tie. As they get up go for the guillotine choke.
From a seated Position snap your opponent down with a collar tie and go for the guillotine choke.
From closed guard attack the kimura on your opponent’s arm. As they defend the key lock go for the guillotine.
From closed guard try to hip bump sweep your opponent. As the base with their arm to defend the sweep go for the guillotine.

Counter

Takedown counter: As your opponent tries to guillotine you from a standing Position drive forward and look up at an angle. When timed properly this should result in you getting a rear body lock.
Submission counter: As your opponent ties your neck on the ground jump past his guard to one side. Get one arm under his neck and use your shoulder pressure to choke him (Von Flue choke).

Defense

While going for takedowns make sure to always look up and turn your head sideways to finish your takedown.;
If your opponent does get you in a guillotine on the ground try to stay out of their closed guard and move to side mount. If youre able to pass to one side you could use a counter submission like the Von Flue choke.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Finish

Basic: opponent falls backwards.
Single Leg: opponent returns to standing Position if your head is on the outside you can then convert to a double leg takedown.
Double Leg: when your head is inside go for both legs

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

39. Triangle Choke

The triangle choke is performed by wrapping your legs around your opponents neck and locking them with a figure of four to strangle them. One of the opponents arms needs to be inside this configuration for the choke to work.

Note

The triangle choke is very versatile. In Jiu-Jitsu it can be applied from several different Positions including- closed guard, mount, bottom side control and standing Positions (flying triangle). It can also be used to control your opponents upper body to sweep them or use the control for secondary submissions like kimuras, armlocks or wristlocks.

History

The triangle choke has its origins in judo. The oldest documented footage of this submission is a video of Tsunetane Oda demonstrating the technique. Tsunetane was a student of Jigaro Kano the inventor of Judo. Although this is the oldest footage of the triangle choke being used it is still unclear as to where it originated from. The choke is called Sankaku Jime in Judo. (Triangular Choke)

Gi vs No-Gi

The triangle choke is very similar in both gi as well as Nogi.

Technique Breakdown

From guard control your opponents posture with a collar tie or an overhook on one arm.
Wrap your right hamstring and calf around the left side of your opponents neck.
With their right arm inside the triangle close your guard.
Grab your right shin with your left arm and pull it closer to you.
Wrap your right ankle under your left knee to create a figure of four. Your opponents right arm should be in the triangle.
Hold your opponents pants or underhook their leg with your right arm and pull yourself to create an angle.
Squeeze your legs to finish the choke.

AKA

Sankaku Jime (Judo)
Figure Four Choke

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Trying to finish the choke without the opponents arm in the triangle.
Trying to finish the choke with both the opponents arms in the triangle.

Technique Variations

Front Triangle (Mae Sankaku Jime)
Rear Triangle (Ura sankaku jime)
Side Triangle (Yoko Sankaku Jime)
Inverted Triangle (Ushiro Sankaku Jime)
No Armed Triangle

Setups

From closed guard try to hip bump sweep your opponent. As the base with their arm to defend the sweep shoot your leg up to lock the triangle.
From a standing Position or dogfight if your opponent has an under hook control with a wizzer. Turn to face toward them with the wizzer to lock in your triangle choke.- From mount transition to S mount. With one of your opponents arms inside lock the triangle for the mounted triangle finish. If your opponent rolls you over you can finish the triangle from the bottom Position as well.

Counter

As your opponent goes to shoot their leg up you can try to grab double underhooks. This control Position is great to pass your opponents guard.

Defense

Early-stage: If you can pull your arm out of the triangle or force your other arm into it you should be safe. To finish the triangle one generally needs a single arm in the triangle.
Late-stage: If the triangle is locked try to gable grip your arms and create space. Lift your leg on the side where your arm is isolated and turn the knee towards your opponent to break his grip.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Finish

Choke: Squeezing the triangle for a few seconds should result in a tap or your opponent going unconscious.
Armlock: You can attack keylocks on the arm not in the triangle or armlock the arm in the triangle if the opponent resists the choke.
Sweep: As your opponent tries to drive forward to release pressure you can sweep them over to attack the mounted triangle.

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

40. Straight Armlock

The straight armlock is one of the most widely used joint locks in the sport of Jiu-Jitsu. It can be used from several different Positions like mount, knee on belly and closed guard. It involves straightening out the opponents arm and controlling their upper body with your legs.

When done right this Position should put pressure on your opponents elbow and shoulder. From here bridging the hips up while controlling the opponents arm should cause enough pressure to get the tap.

Note

The straight armlock is a very versatile technique. It can also be applied from the mount, S mount, knee on belly, back and so on.

History

The armbar is an iconic move in Jiu-Jitsu owing to Royce Gracies run in UFC 1. However its origin is thousands of years old. Variations of armlocks have been recorded from over 3000 years ago. The straight armbar in particular was refined by Japanese jiu-jitsu. It then become quite common with Judo practitioners who would call it Juji-Gatame (Cross armlock).

Gi vs No-Gi

The straight armbar is very similar in both gi as well as nogi. The grips might differ slightly.

Technique Breakdown

From closed guard first you want to control your opponent’s left arm with your left and bring it across your body’s centerline.
Use your right arm to control your opponent’s right shoulder or get a cross-collar grip if you‚Äôre rolling in a gi.
Use this grip to turn your hips perpendicular to your opponent.
Pull your right leg up and place it in front of your opponent’s face.
Make sure to keep your pressure with both your legs as you now control your opponent’s left arm with a 2 on 1 grip.
Bridge with your hips to get the tap.

AKA

Armbar
Straight Armbar
Juji-gatame(Judo)

Position

Ground

Common Mistakes

Not controlling the opponent’s arm properly before going for the submission; Trying to finish with the opponents palm facing downwards; Not controlling the opponent’s upper body with your legs properly

Technique Variations

Closed Guard Armbar
Armbar from Knee on Belly
Armbar from Mount
Armbar from S Mount
Choi Bar
Armbar from Triangle
Armbar from Rubber Guard (Dead Orchard)

Setups

From closed guard start attacking the opponent‚Äôs neck with a cross-collar choke. As they defend the choke go for the armbar.; From side-mount start attacking the opponent‚Äôs neck with a cross collar choke or threaten to pass to north-south or mount. This should result in the opponent using their arm to defend. Use this opportunity to isolate the arm and go for an armbar.

Counter

If your opponent tries to armbar you from inside their guard you can use your free hand to block their leg. When timed and performed correctly this can lead to an easy pass.

Defense

Early-stage: Try to cup the back of your opponent’s top leg with your free arm to reduce and release pressure.;
Late-stage: If your opponent has the armbar locked in you want to get on your knees and then stand up and stack your opponent to release pressure. It usually isnt a good idea to just try and pull your arm out as this can tighten the armbar further.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Finish

Joint-lock: With the straight armbar locked in bridge up with your hips to get the tap

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

41. Haymaker Punch Defense

The Haymaker punch is a staple in most street fights. While it’s similar to an overhand punch it is usually much sloppier as it’s associated with street fights where most people are untrained. The punch itself involves dipping your head off your center line as a wild overhand punch is thrown. There are multiple ways to defend against this strike.

Note

It’s always best to avoid a fight. Try not to engage till it’s absolutely necessary and never do more damage than is needed for you to be safe. Street fights have implications, legal and otherwise.

History

Ways to defend a haymaker punch have evolved over the years. In traditional martial arts like Karate, they use blocks to defend against the strike. In Muay Thai, they have a high guard that prevents looping punches from landing. Lately, with the growth of grappling, changing levels and taking the opponent down as they throw their punch is considered a great approach.

Technique Breakdown

Takedown counter – While your opponent tries to throw the haymaker punch you need to time the punch to change levels. You can go for any takedown you’re comfortable with. Once you finish the takedown disengage and leave if possible or settle in a dominant top pin till the situation cools down. Make sure to control your opponent they might have a weapon on them in some situations so try and control their arms.
Block defense – While your opponent is being aggressive make sure your arms arent too far away from your face. In a street fight it is important to read your opponent and make sure you protect yourself in time. If you think or see a right haymaker punch coming (to your left side) bring your left arm up to protect your face and bring your right arm near your left elbow to assist the block. Make sure you disengage and maintain distance between you and your opponent after the block. If youre a skilled striker you could try to duck under the punch as well.

AKA

Overhand Punch Defense

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Not timing the block or level change in time
Having your hands low
Not reading the situation in time or correctly

Tutorial Examples

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Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

42. Rear Takedown

The rear takedown involves controlling your opponent’s torso from behind them whilst in the standing Position. From here there are a few different ways to take your opponent down. You can elevate them and drop them sideways you can sweep them using leg sweep techniques or ashi waza‚ in Judo or you can even suplex them.

History

The rear takedown undoubtedly has its roots in wrestling. Variations of the rear clinch and takedowns have existed for several centuries.

Gi vs No-Gi

The rear takedowns options are similar in gi and nogi but they might differ slightly. In certain Positions your opponent might be able to grab your gi to ify some takedowns.

Technique Breakdown

From a rear clinch make sure you have a strong grip on your opponent’s torso.
Make sure your head is Positioned behind your opponent and not to their side.
From this rear clinch bring your hands lower towards your opponent’s hips. It is important to control your opponent’s hips while going for these takedowns. From here pull your opponent towards you and elevate them by lifting up at the same time. It is important to lift your opponent’s feet off the floor in order to take them down as if their feet are still on the floor they may be able to base and balance.
As you bring your opponent down with your rear clinch turn your body a little sideways so as to have your opponent’s body parallel to the ground. This prevents them from planting their legs and avoiding takedown.

AKA

Rear Clinch Takedown
Rear Body Lock Takedown
Bear Hug

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Controlling too high on the opponent’s body
Trying to drag your opponent down without elevating them.
Having your head in a compromised Position. If your head is to your opponent’s side when you have a rear clinch they might be able to get some form of a bulldog choke on you.
Having a weak grip while controlling your opponent.

Technique Variations

Elevated rear takedown
Rear clinch to trip
Suplex

Setups

From standing Position shoot for a double leg takedown. As your opponent goes to defend duck under and turn towards them. This should give you an opportunity to go for rear takedowns.
From standing Position use an arm drag to expose your opponent’s back. Use this opening to lock a rear clinch and go for a rear takedown.

Defense

Early-stage: the first stage of defense to a rear body lock takedown is to fight the opponent’s grips and ensure your hips are lower than theirs.;
Late-stage: If your opponent has the grip locked try and turn away from them so as to not have your back against their chest. From here you could try to Granby roll out to avoid the takedown. This is an advanced move and must be done with caution.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

43. Shrimp Escape

The Shrimp escape is one of the most basic Positional escapes you‚Äôll learn in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It involves angling and moving your hips away from your opponent to escape. The shrimp is used to create some distance between you and your opponent by bringing a knee or an elbow in the middle to frame.

Note

The Shrimp escape is also called the elbow escape from certain potions where you shrimp out to get your elbow between you and your opponent in order to create space.
How to deal with heavier opponents: Sometimes your opponents weight will make it difficult to shrimp out. You must do an additional move called the explosive bridge to shrimp out.
When stuck in bottom mount time your mini bridge before shrimping out.
To do the Oopa lift your legs up and bring them down to the mat explsoviely and you bridge up with your hips to off balance your opponent. This should help get sme weight off you and make it easier to escape.

History

Variations of the shrimp escape have existed in both Wrestling as well as Judo for several decades.

Gi vs No-Gi

Shrimping is quite similar in Gi and Nogi. It may need to be modified slightly based on the grips your opponent has on you.

Technique Breakdown

From bottom mount try to turn your hips to one side. Its difficult to shrimp without being on your side.
From here make sure to keep your hands close to your body before doing the escape so as to avoid any upper body joint locks.
Place your palms on your opponents knees as you pul your knees towards your chest.
Push with your legs and your arms at the same time to try and create space between your opponent.
When youre far enough get your knees between you and your opponent to start retaining your guard.

Position

Closed Guard
Half Guard
Bottom Mount
Bottom Side Mount
Bottom Knee on Belly

Common Mistakes

Not lifting your hips before going for the shrimp
Not turning to one side before initiating the shrimp escape
Kicking with the legs but not moving the hips.

Technique Variations

Basic Shrimp escape
Shrimp escape to berimbolo
Elbow escape

Counter

To fight someones shrimp escape you can follow them forward as theyre trying to shrimp out. If you stay where you are theyre likely to escape.
Alternatively from mount you can use your legs to hook under their legs and lift them up. If your opponent cannot keep their legs on the mat they cant do the shrimp escape.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Escapes

44. Double Underhook Guard Pass

The Double Underhook Guard Pass AKA the Double Unders are among the most basic ways to pass someone’s guard. They are also one of the most effective ways to pass someone’s guard- From white all the way to black belt. Unlike a lot of new-age intricate moves the age-old double-under guard pass is very simple to understand. It involves getting double underhooks on your opponent’s legs while passing in order to control them and turning your opponent’s hips to the side to get their legs out of the way and pass.

Note

While having two underhooks prevents most regular triangle options your opponent can still use no armed triangle variations on you. Be mindful of this threat while passing. Keeping a strong upright posture should prevent this submission.”

History

There is little evidence to suggest that double under passing has existed for a long time. It was used at a rudimentary level in Japanese Jiu-jitsu and Judo. With the advent of modern Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in 1920 and its emphasis on the guard double under passing has become a lot more prevalent.

Gi vs No-Gi

The double under pass is similar in Gi and Nogi. For nogi since there are no pants or belts to grip the pass must be modified slightly.

Technique Breakdown

While passing guard get underhooks on both of your opponent’s legs
Secure this Position with a gable grip
Pull your opponent towards you. The goal is to get their low back off the ground so they cant use their hips properly. Try to get your opponent’s low back on your knees.
Start turning your arms to your right side. This should bring your opponent’s legs to this side.
Sprawl on your opponent while maintaining control of their legs
Pass to a dominant top pin to finish the pass

AKA

Double Unders

Position

Ground

Common Mistakes

Not controlling the opponent’s hips before going for the pass; Having a weak grip on your opponent’s legs; Having just one underhook. This Position is especially dangerous as it offers several triangle options to your opponent. Always remember either both arms must stay be underhooked or both overhooked. (For the most part)

Technique Variations

Double under guard pass from knees
Leg pin double under pass from standing
Double unders to knee slice guard pass

Setups

While passing your opponent’s guard from standing as they place their legs on your hips to set up sweeps or to frame drop to your knees and initiate the double under pass.
If your opponent tries to set up a submission from closed guard like a triangle try to posture up and get underhooks on both legs to start passing.

Counter

If your opponent tries to use double unders to pass your guard. Start threatening them with no armed triangle variations.

Defense

Early-stage: Fight the opponent’s grips and try to break them before theguard pass is initiated
Late-stage: If your opponent has passed your legs to the side use frames to maintain distance and start gearing up for your Positional escapes. (Most likely side mount escape in this case.)

Tutorial Examples

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Finish

Guard pass: Once you get your opponent’s legs out of the way pass to a dominant Position. From here you can pin your opponent or set up submissions.

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

45. Closed Guard

The Closed Guard is a Position in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and other grappling arts in which the practitioner wraps their legs around the opponent’s waist and uses their thighs to trap the opponent’s arms. This allows the practitioner to control the opponent’s movement and to deliver strikes to the opponent’s body. The Closed Guard is often used to defend against takedowns and submissions.

AKA

Full Guard

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

46. Passing the Guard

To overcome the opponent’s primary defense and attain a more dominant Position such as side mount full mount or knee on stomach such as in order to pass the guard one must do so. There are several methods for accomplishing this; many entail pain compliance in which the therapist uses an abrasive technique to force the opponent to let go of their guard.Additionally when engaged in guard passing the practitioner must take care to avoid injuring oneself by placing their elbows on the inside of their thighs. The opponent may be placed beneath one’s arm and held down by pulling his or her head back with one hand while pushing away with the other. A better way is to grab a hold of a limb rather than attempting a sweep or submission at this point (for example grabbing both arms instead of sweeping). Digging your forearms into the inner thigh is an example of this type of action (forcing yourself onto your belly and digging your forearms into it) as well as standing up and attempting a can opener neck crank (or just striking the opponent until the guard is released in MMA situations). Passing the guard.

Position

Ground

Technique Variations

Simple Guard Pass
Stacking Guard Pass
Near Knee Guard Pass

Setups

To setup for this technique the attacker will step in with their left foot and grab the inside of the defender’s left thigh with their left hand. The attacker will then reach over the defender’s head with their right hand and grab the defender’s right wrist. The attacker will then lift the defender up and throw them over their head.

Counter

DefenseThe defender can counter this technique by trapping the attacker’s arm and turning into them. The defender can also defend against this technique by sprawling.

Finish

This technique can be finished by slamming the defender to the ground or by throwing them into a submission hold.

Classification

Transition

Styles

Brazilian Jiu Jitsu
Submission Wrestling

47. Leg Hook

A leg hook is a Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to control the opponent. It can be used to sweep the opponent or submit them with a choke or joint lock. The leg hook can be used on either the left or right side and can be employed from a number of different Positions.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

48. Body Fold Takedown

The body fold takedown is a basic technique used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is executed by grabbing the opponent’s shirt and pulling them towards you then stepping forward and dropping down to take them to the ground. This takedown is used to take the opponent to the ground.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

49. Rear Naked Choke

The rear-naked choke is one of the highest percentage finishes in Jiu-Jitsu. To apply the RNC you must get behind an opponent and control their lower body with hooks or a body triangle on their torso. Wrap one arm around the neck and use the second arm to reinforce the grip. Squeeze the neck and extend your torso forward to get a tap.

Note

The reason the choke is referred to as naked choke‚ in Japanese Jiu-jitsu and Judo is that it can be performed without the gi/kimono as it doesnt use any sleeve or lapel grips to perform.

History

The oldest documented footage of the rear-naked choke comes from Sebald Behams painting‚ Hercules killing the Nemean Lion where Hercules uses the Lion Killer grip to choke the big cat to death. The technique was further refined in Japanese Jiu-Jitsu which eventually led to the development of the HadAKA-jime choke (naked choke) in Judo.

Gi vs No-Gi

The rear-naked choke is very similar in both gi as well as nogi.

Technique Breakdown

Once you get your opponent back control his upper body with a seatbelt grip. (one overhook one underhook)
The hand that has the underhook must hold the wrist on the opposite arm to maintain and secure upper body control.
Control the lower body with both your hooks that is wrap your legs around your opponent and use your feet to control the inside of their thighs.
Wrap your choking arm around their neck
Place your choking arm on your opposite bicep
Wrap your non-choking arm behind the opponent’s head. (Palm facing towards you)
Squeeze and extend your torso forward to get the tap.

AKA

RNC
HadAKA-jime (Judo)

Position

Standing

Common Mistakes

Trying to finish the choke without controlling the opponent‚Äôs lower body or torso.

Technique Variations

Regular Rear Naked Choke
Lion Killer Grip Rear Naked Choke
Rear Naked Choke with a Body Triangle
Mandible Choke

Setups

From a front headlock Position snap your opponent down. As they are recovering scramble to the back and start working your choke.
If your opponent is passing to side control without an underhook bump and turn towards them to get their back and start working on your RNC.

Counter

As your opponent goes to shoot their leg up you can try to grab double underhooks. This control Position is great to pass your opponent guard.

Defense

Early-stage: The RNC requires control over the upper and lower body. While protecting your neck with one arm try to fight off the hooks or the seatbelt grip.;
Late-stage: If your opponent has almost sunk the choke in use your fingers to wedge between his arm and create some space. Tuck your chin down to avoid their arm from sliding under your neck. To escape you need to try and turn towards your opponent while making sure to defend the neck with one arm.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Finish

Choke: Squeezing the RNC for a few seconds should result in a tap or your opponent going unconscious.
Mandible Choke: If your opponent tries to get their chin the way multiple times squeezing at the chin can also restrict blood flow and get a tap. This can be very painful so avoid this variation at your gym.
Armlock: As your opponent tries to escape the back Position you can isolate shoot your legs up for armlock.

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

50. Arm Triangle

The arm triangle is a grappling submission hold. It is applied by putting the opponent in a headlock then wrapping one arm around their head and neck and then using the other arm to trap their arm. This decreases the range of motion in the opponent’s arm and puts pressure on the neck which can result in a submission. The arm triangle is a relatively simple submission hold to apply and can be used in a variety of Positions most notably the guard.

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

51. North-South Choke

The North-South choke is a very powerful submission hold that can be used to submit your opponent from almost any Position. This choke uses the gi to trap your opponent’s arm and choke them unconscious.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

52. Von Flue Choke

The Von Flue Choke is a submission technique used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is a chokehold that uses the forearm to compress the carotid arteries which cuts off blood flow to the brain.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

53. Lapel Choke

The Lapel Choke is a choke hold in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is performed by grabbing the opponent’s lapel with the thumb and index finger then wrapping the arm around the opponent’s neck. The choke is applied by pushing the hand forward and down cutting off the air supply.

Position

Standing
Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

54. Peruvian Necktie

The Peruvian Necktie is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu chokehold which can be used to render an opponent unconscious. The technique gets its name from its resemblance to the traditional Peruvian necktie which is a type of noose.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

55. Ezequiel Choke

Sode Guruma Jime is a chokehold in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is performed from the side control Position and uses the opponent’s own arm to choke them. It is a very effective chokehold and can be used to submit an opponent quickly.

AKA

Sode Guruma Jime

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

56. Gogoplata

A gogoplata is a chokehold in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu that involves trapping an opponent’s head between your shin and forearm. This is a very dangerous move that can quickly end a fight.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

57. Paper Cutter

The Paper Cutter is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to take down an opponent. It is a very effective technique because it is simple to learn and very powerful. The Paper Cutter can be used in a variety of ways but it is most commonly used to take down an opponent who is attacking you.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

58. Elbow Lock

An elbow lock is a grappling hold which uses an opponent’s arm to hyperextend the elbow joint. This can cause intense pain and potential joint damage. The hold is applied by placing the arm in a figure-four Position around the opponent’s head with the palm of the hand pushing against the opponent’s cheek. The attacker then steps over the arm and applies pressure to the elbow joint by pushing down on the head.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

59. Arm Crush

The arm crush is a grappling submission hold. It is applied by grabbing the opponent’s elbow and forcing the arm down thereby hyperextending the elbow joint. The arm crush is a relatively simple submission hold to apply and can be used in a variety of Positions most notably the guard.

AKA

Ude hishigi hiza gatame

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Judo

60. Bicep Slicer

The bicep slicer is a grappling submission hold. It is applied by grabbing the opponent’s arm bending it at the elbow and forcing the opponent’s hand towards the ground. This decreases the range of motion in the arm and places pressure on the bicep which can result in a submission.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

61. Shoulder Lock

The shoulder lock is a grappling technique that uses leverage to hyperextend the shoulder joint. This technique is used to control and submit an opponent. The shoulder lock can be applied from a number of Positions including the guard side control and mount. The most common way to apply the shoulder lock is from the guard where the attacker wraps their arm around the opponent’s neck and grabs their own bicep. The attacker then pulls their arm towards their head hyperextending the shoulder joint and causing pain and submission.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

62. Wrist Lock

The wrist lock is a submission hold that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is applied by placing your opponent’s hand in a Position that allows you to apply pressure to the joint and then applying a force in the opposite direction. This will cause the joint to hyperextend and eventually submit your opponent.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

63. Straight Ankle Lock

The Straight Ankle Lock is a submission move that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The move involves locking the ankle of your opponent in such a way that they are unable to escape. This move is often used as a finishing move in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu competitions.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

64. Heel Hook

The heel hook is a submission move in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu that uses the leg to apply pressure to the ankle or knee. The move is usually used as a submission in the closing seconds of a match when the opponent is defending against other submissions. The heel hook can be applied from several different Positions including the guard half guard and side control.”

Position

Standing
Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

65. Toe Hold

A toe hold is a grappling submission move that is used to submit an opponent by hyperextending their toe. This can be done by either using your own toe to apply pressure to your opponent’s toe or by using your hand to push down on their foot. This move is often used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and submission grappling matches.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

66. Kneebar

A kneebar is a submission technique that uses the knee to apply pressure to the opponent‚Äôs spine or neck. The attacker wraps their legs around the opponent‚Äôs leg and then uses their hips to twist the opponent‚Äôs knee backwards. This causes intense pain and can often lead to a quick submission. The kneebar is a very versatile submission and can be used from many different Positions. It is also one of the most popular submissions in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

67. Electric Chair

The Electric Chair is a submission hold in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is performed by wrapping your opponent’s head and arm with your legs and then arching your back to apply pressure to their neck. This submission hold is used to submit your opponent by choking them out.

AKA

Crotch ripper

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

68. Armlock

In grappling an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow or shoulder joints. An armbar is a form of armlock in which the arm is stretched to its maximum extent. You can perform the triangle armbar by pressing their elbow into your thigh and then extend your hips to finish the submission. The americana, kimura and omaplata are three armlocks that hyper-rotate the arm. The shoulder joint may be hyperflexed, hyperextended or both.

Position

Ground

Classification

Grappling Hold

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

69. Can Opener

The Can Opener is a grappling technique that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Judo and Sambo. The hold is performed from a standing Position with the attacker’s arms around the defender’s waist. The attacker then lifts the defender off of their feet and slams them to the ground before landing on top of them in a seated position. The hold can be used to knock an opponent off of their feet or to submit them by forcing them to submit to joint manipulation.

AKA

Fisherman’s crank

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

70. Twister

The Twister is a submission move in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is executed from the back mount position and it involves wrapping one arm around the opponent’s neck and the other arm around their thigh. The practitioner then squeezes their thighs together hyperextending the opponent’s spine. This move is considered to be a very powerful submission and it can result in a quick victory.

AKA

Wrestler’s Guillotine

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

71. Boston Crab

The Boston Crab is a submission wrestling hold. It was developed in the early 1900s by wrestler and coach George L. Lurich. The hold is performed from a supine (face up) position with the attacker’s head and shoulders Positioned between the defender’s legs. The attacker then grasps the defender’s ankles and pulls them towards their head while arching their back which applies pressure to the defender’s spine. The hold can be used to pin an opponent to the mat or to force them to submit by causing pain to their back.

Position

Ground

Styles

Joint Lock

72. Spine Lock

A spine lock is a grappling hold that uses leverage to hyperextend or break the opponent’s spine. The hold can be applied from the front or the back making it a versatile move in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. There are several different spine locks but the most common is the rear naked choke. This hold is applied by placing one arm around the opponent’s neck and choking them with the other hand. The hold can also be used to apply pressure to the opponent’s spine. When performed correctly a spine lock can quickly incapacitate the opponent.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

73. Hip Bump Sweep

A Hip Bump Sweep is a basic Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that can be used to take down an opponent. It involves lifting your opponent up and bumping them forward with your hip which will knock them off balance and cause them to fall to the ground. This technique can be used in combination with other techniques or it can be used as a standalone move.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

74. Scissor Sweep

The scissor sweep is a basic BJJ technique that can be used to take down an opponent. It involves sweeping the opponent‚Äôs leg out from under them which then causes them to fall to the ground. This can be a very effective technique if used correctly and it is one of the first moves that a beginner should learn.”

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

75. Flower Sweep

A Flower Sweep is a basic BJJ technique that is used to sweep your opponent off their feet. You will need to be in control of your opponent’s hips in order to execute this sweep.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

76. Lumberjack Sweep

A lumberjack sweep is a type of sweep that is used to take down an opponent. It is similar to a leg sweep in that it uses the opponent’s momentum against them but it is executed differently. To perform a lumberjack sweep you will need to stand in front of your opponent with your feet hip-width apart. You will then step towards your opponent with your left foot and extend your arm out to the side. As you do this you will pivot your body to the right and sweep your opponent’s left leg out from under them. You will then drive forward and take your opponent to the ground.

Position

Takedown

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

77. Muscle Sweep

A muscle sweep is a grappling technique that is used to take an opponent down to the ground. This technique is performed by using your bodyweight to push your opponent off balance and then using your momentum to take them down. There are several different ways that you can perform a muscle sweep but all of them involve using your body to put your opponent off balance.

AKA

Waiter Sweep

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

78. Balloon Sweep

The overhead balloon sweep is a basic technique used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is executed by placing one hand on the floor and jumping up then grabbing the opponent’s belt with your opposite hand and pulling them over your head. This sweep is used to take the opponent to the ground.

AKA

helicopter armbar

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

79. Sweep

A sweep is a technique used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu that allows you to take an opponent off their feet and onto the ground. This can be done by using your legs or your arms and is one of the most common techniques used in BJJ. sweeps can be used to take an opponent down to the ground or can be used to bring them into a more advantageous Position on the ground.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

80. Old School Sweep

An old school sweep is a grappling technique that is used to take an opponent down to the ground. This move is typically used by Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners to gain an advantageous Position on the mat. There are a number of different sweeps that can be used and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Learning how to execute an old school sweep is a critical part of becoming a successful grappler.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

81. John Wayne Sweep

A John Wayne sweep is a type of sweep that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. It is named after John Wayne who was a famous actor and martial artist. The sweep is a variation of the basic sweep and it is used to take down an opponent who is in standing guard. To perform the John Wayne sweep you will need to first establish a strong base. Then you will need to step in with your lead foot and pivot towards your opponent. Next you will need to reach out with your arm and grab your opponent’s ankle. Finally you will need to pull your opponent towards you and sweep them off their feet.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

82. Pendulum Sweep

The Pendulum Sweep is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to take down an opponent. It involves swinging the opponent around in a circle and using their own momentum to take them down. It is a very effective technique because it is simple to execute and very powerful.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

83. Butterfly Sweep

The Butterfly Sweep is a grappling technique that is used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Judo and Sambo. The hold is performed from a seated or kneeling position with the attacker’s legs Positioned around the defender’s hips. The attacker then pushes off of the floor with their feet and uses their legs to sweep the defender off of their feet before landing on top of them in a seated Position. The hold can be used to knock an opponent off of their feet or to submit them by forcing them to submit to joint manipulation.

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

84. De La Riva Guard

The De La Riva guard (also known as the jello guard) is an open guard invented by Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner Ricardo De La Riva who used it to victory in competition. The leg wrapped around the opponent’s leg from the outside the ankle held with one hand and one of the hands grasps one of their sleeves make up this guard. The De La Riva guard has a variety of sweeps, transitions and submissions available and it is increasingly popular as a complement to spider position.

AKA

Jello Guard

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

85. Half Guard

Half Guard is a grappling Position employed in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and other grappling arts. It is considered an essential Position for all BJJ practitioners because it provides stability and a strong base while also affording many opportunities for sweeps and submissions. There are several different ways to achieve Half Guard. One of the most common ways is to bridge and shrimp while maintaining contact with your opponent’s stomach or chest. You can also achieve Half Guard by trapping one of your opponent’s legs and sweeping them over your hip.

AKA

Half Mount
Turk Ride

Position

Ground

Technique Variations

Z Guard
Lockdown
Deep Half Guard

Classification

Position

Styles

Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

86. Open Guard

Open guard is a Jiu-Jitsu Position where the fighter uses their legs to maintain control of their opponent. This can be done by using a variety of techniques such as sweeps, submissions and control holds. Open guard is a popular Position because it allows the fighter to be very versatile and can work well against a variety of opponents.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

87. Kesa Gatame

The Kesa Gatame is a chokehold in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu that is used to incapacitate an opponent. It is performed by wrapping one’s arm around the opponent’s neck and securing the grip with the other hand. The Kesa Gatame is a very effective submission hold and can be used to finish a fight quickly.

AKA

scarf hold

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

88. Kuzure Kesa Gatame

The Kuzure Kesa Gatame is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu technique that is used to immobilize an opponent. It is a variation of the Kesa Gatame Position and is achieved by placing one arm around the opponent’s neck and the other under their armpit. The Kuzure Kesa Gatame is a very effective submission hold and can be used to submit an opponent with a choke or a joint lock.

Position

Ground
Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

89. Knee on Stomach

The knee-on-belly Position is a dominant grappling Position where you are on top of your opponent with your chest facing their head and your knee pressing into their stomach. From this position you can control your opponent’s movement and apply submission holds. It is a very versatile position that can be used in both ground fighting and MMA.

AKA

Knee on Belly
Knee on Chest
Knee Ride
Knee Mount
Uki Gatame
Floating Hold
Neon Belly

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

Jujutsu
Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Wrestling

90. 50-50 Guard

A guard is classed as 50/50 once two athletes involved in a grappling match become locked with their legs intertwined (i.e. competitor A’s right leg around competitor B’s right leg) thus providing the same set of circumstances for both players which is the reason behind the 50-50 designation.

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

Wrestling
Sambo

91. Ashi Garami

The Ashi garami is a judo joint lock that targets an opponent’s leg. It is one of the Kodokan Judo’s 29 grappling techniques. It’s one of the nine joint moves included in the Kansetsu-waza list which contains three grappling lists with a total of 29 grappling arts. Kinshi-waza is one of the four banned skills.

AKA

single leg X

Position

Standing

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

92. X-Guard

The X-Guard is a guard in which one of the combatants is standing up and the other is on their back. One of the opponent’s legs is entwined using the lower combatant’s legs creating opportunities for strong sweeps. The X-Guard is frequently used together with the butterfly and half guard. In a grappling bout this is an advantageous Position for the bottom combatant but in general hand-to-hand battle the top combatant may use stomps or soccer kicks to attack.Likewise skilled use of the x-guard can prevent the opponent from attempting a kick or throw them off balance should they raise a leg. The x-guard was popularized by Marcelo Garcia.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

93. Turtle

The turtle is a defensive Position used in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. When in the turtle the fighter lowers their head and wraps their arms and legs around their opponent creating a shield that is difficult to penetrate. The turtle can be used to protect against takedowns and submissions as well as to wait for an opportunity to counterattack.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Guards

94. Disengaged

There are different types of disengagements that can be used in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. The disengagement is a technique used to free oneself from an opponent’s grip. It can be used to escape from a clinch or a submission hold. There are several different types of disengagements that can be used depending on the situation.

Position

Standing
Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Neutral

95. Hook Sweep

The hook sweep is a basic sweep in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu. For most practitioners it acts as an introduction to offensive moves from elevating your opponent. It involves controlling your opponents upper body and using your feet to ‚Äúhook‚Äù under their hamstrings to elevate them. Once in the air the opponent is swept to the side or backwards.

Note

versions of the double hook sweep also go backwards in a straight line instead of towards the side.

History

The hook sweep and its variations have existed in Japanese jiu jitsu and Judo techniques for years. While Judo used its traditional Sumi gaeshi techniques to throw an opponent from standing position in modern jiu jitsu the butterfly guard uses the hook sweep as a primary form of offense from seated Position.

Gi vs No-Gi

The hook sweep is similar in gi and nogi. The grips to control the opponent differ between the two but the primary objective remains the same.

Technique Breakdown

From butterfly guard first you want to control your opponent’s torso. You can control the lapel in the gi and use a bodylock in nogi.
You need to make sure your chest is close to your opponent. Having distance between your chest and your opponent makes it harder for you to elevate them.
As you sit back you need to use your hooks to elevate your opponent
As you sit up extend your legs to throw your opponents base off. At the same time swim over one of your opponents arms to make sure they cant use it to base.
If you remove your opponents right arm fall towards your left side and base on your shoulder.
Lift up with your right hook to tuen your opponent as finish the sweep
Settle into a dominant top pin- Side control or mount

AKA

Sumi Geashi (Judo)
Position
Standing

Common Mistakes

Not controlling the opponent’s upper body properly before going for the sweep.
Having your hooks too shallow under your opponent.
Having your chest far away from your opponent.

Technique Variations

Double hook sweep from standing
Butterfly guard double hook sweep
Butterfly guard single hook sweep
Shoulder crunch double hook sweep

Setups

From standing Position control your opponents sleeve with your left arm and behind their back with your right arm. Fake an Ogoshi throw to get your opponent to defend. As they do hook your right foot under their right hamstring. Fall back and use your grips to pull your opponent. Elevate them with your hook to finish the sweep.
From half guard on your opponents right leg use your left arm to get a deep underhook. As you sit back try and get a body lock on your opponent and open you half guard. Pull your legs close to you and bring your right foot under your opponents right hamstring. Use this hook to elevate your opponent to get the sweep.

Defense

Early-stage: If your opponent tries to hook sweep you from butterfly guard as they take out your arm to base you must use that sides leg to base and avoid getting swept.
Late-stage: If your opponent has swept you over you must start using frames and movement to stop them from settling into a dominant top pin like the mount.

Tutorial Examples

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Competition Examples

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Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Takedown

96. Guard

The guard is a ground grappling position in which one combatant has their back to the ground while attempting to control the other combatant using their legs. In pure grappling combat sports the guard is considered an advantageous position because the bottom combatant can attack with various joint locks and chokeholds while the top combatant’s priority is the transition into a more dominant position a process known as passing the guard. In the sport of mixed martial arts as well as hand-to-hand combat in general it is possible to effectively strike from the top in the guard even though the bottom combatant exerts some control. There are various types of guard with their own advantages and disadvantages.

AKA

Front Body Scissor

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

97. Armbar

The arm bar is a grappling submission hold. It is applied by grabbing the opponent’s arm bending it at the elbow and forcing the opponent’s hand towards the ground. This decreases the range of motion in the opponent’s arm and places pressure on the elbow joint which can result in a submission. The arm bar is a relatively simple submission hold to apply and can be used in a variety of Positions most notably the guard.

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

98. Butterfly Guard

In the butterfly guard both of the legs are hooked with the ankles in between the opponents’ thighs against their inner thighs. The opponent may be controlled using both legs and arms. The butterfly guard’s strength allows for devastating sweeps. The guard also allows one to shift or set the opponent off balance allowing for transitions to other dominant Positions.

AKA

Double Elevator

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

99. Spider Guard

The spider guard is a defensive stance that involves controlling the arms of an opponent with the soles of the feet while also restricting movement at the biceps, hips, thighs or any combination of those areas. When your opponent’s sleeves can be grabbed it’s most successful. The spider guard may be utilized to execute sweeps and establish joint locks or chokeholds.

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

100. Rubber Guard

The rubber guard is a Brazilian Jiu-jitsu method that entails the user breaking down the opponent into the rubber guard while maintaining a high degree of control. It uses significant flexibility to restrain the opponent with one arm and one leg. The free arm may then be used for submissions, sweeps or to strike the trapped head of the adversary. The Rubber guard as well as other unusual guard moves was developed by Eddie Bravo and has been a fundamental technique of his 10th Planet Jiu-Jitsu. The Rubber guard has been utilized by Keenan Cornelius for modern variations of the Rubber guard that are worn in the gi. This is a similar setup to the Rubber guard except the lapel is used to posture control over the opponent.

AKA

Mission Control
Zombie
New York
Chill Dog

Position

Ground

Classification

Position

Styles

10th Planet Jiu-Jitsu

101. Side Control

In grappling the side control (often known as cross mount, 100 kilos or scarfhold) is a powerful ground fighting Position in which the top fighter lies parallel to the face-down bottom combatant’s face and has no influence over him or her. The top combatant is said to have side control when they are in a stable posture with the other fighter pressed against them. From there the top fighter may use their elbows, knees and various submissions or might transition into a mounted Position. It’s critical for the bottom combatant to sweep the top combatant or any other way to escape the scenario such as by entangling their free legs and attempting to get the half guard or guard.

AKA

Side Mount
Cross Mount
100 Kilos
Scarfhold

Position

Control

Technique Variations

Kata-Gatame
Kesa-Gatame
Twister

Classification

Position

Styles

Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

102. Mount

The mount is a powerful ground grappling position in which one combatant sits on the other’s chest with their face pointing towards the opponent’s head. In many ways the top fighter has an advantage in this position. The top fighter may generate significant momentum for strikes (such as punches or elbows) to the head of the opponent while the bottom combatant is limited by the ground and by the combatants on top. There are a plethora of advantages to training from the top. Various chokeholds and joint locks may be utilized from above which gives the bottom combatant an edge. The bottom fighter will often attempt to sweep his opponent or transition into a better position such as the guard.

AKA

Full Mount

Position

Ground

Technique Variations

High Mount
Low Mount
S-Mount
Knee Mount
Reverse Mount

Classification

Position

Styles

Judo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

103. Back Mount

A rear mount is a powerful grappling posture in which the practitioner is on top of his opponent’s back in such a way that he has command of him. Ideally the opponent will be recumbent (prone) while the practitioner centers his weight atop the opponent either in a seated or recumbent posture. Many consider back mount to be a very dominant perhaps even the most advantageous Position in grappling. This is due to the practitioner being able to attack with strikes and submissions with the opponent having a severely limited ability to see incoming attacks and defend against them.

AKA

Rear Mount

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

104. Simple Guard Pass

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

105. Stacking Guard Pass

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

106. Near Knee Guard Pass

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

107. Grapevine

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Tags

Guards

108. Crucifix

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

109. Nelson

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

110. Small Joint Manipulation

Position

Standing
Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

111. Tani otoshi

112. Anaconda

113. D’arce

Position

Ground

Styles

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

114. Clock choke

115. Bow and arrow

116. Loop

117. Baseball bat

118. Cross choke

119. Omoplata

120. Squid

121. Lasso

122. North South

123. Leg attack

Tags

Leg attacks
Positional grappling

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